Axial piston pumps
An axial piston pump is a hydraulic pump that has a number of pistons in a circular array within a cylinder block.
Types of axial piston pumps
There are two main types of axial piston pumps:
- Bent Axis Pumps;
- Swashplate piston pump.
Bent Axis Pumps design
![Bent Axis Pump design Bent Axis Pump design](https://www.hydraulic-calculation.com/images/upl/07_16_19_20_29_33_bent_design.jpg)
If the pump shaft rotates, then the pistons and the cylinder block rotate with it. During operation, the pistons make a linear movement relative to the block. The distance of the stroke of the pistons depends on the angle of the block. In the distribution disk, crescent-shaped grooves are made, one of which is connected to the suction line and the other to the discharge line.
Swashplate piston pumps design
![Swashplate piston pump design Swashplate piston pump design](https://www.hydraulic-calculation.com/images/upl/07_16_19_20_30_11_design_axial.jpg)
The cylinder block is fixed to the pump shaft. Pistons are supported on a swashplate. When the shaft rotates with the block, the pistons due to the inclination of the disc will move in the cylinder block.
Axial piston pump flow
Pump flow Q is proportional to its working volume V and shaft rotation frequency n:
![Pump flow Pump flow](https://www.hydraulic-calculation.com/images/upl/07_16_19_20_29_02_q_axial.jpg)
- Shaft speed - n,
- Displacement volume - V.
Axial piston pump in bent axis
![Axial piston pump in bent axis design Axial piston pump in bent axis design](https://www.hydraulic-calculation.com/images/upl/07_16_19_20_25_29_axial_bent.jpg)
The pistons move within the cylinder bores when the shaft rotates, dependent on the swivel angle.
The angle of the cylinder block determines the piston stroke.
![Displacement volume Displacement volume](https://www.hydraulic-calculation.com/images/upl/07_16_19_20_26_12_v_axial.jpg)
- z - number of pistons,
- d - diameter of piston
Axial piston pump in swashplate
![Swashplate piston pump Swashplate piston pump](https://www.hydraulic-calculation.com/images/upl/07_16_19_20_27_44_axial_plate.jpg)
The rotating displacement pistons are supported by a swashplate. The angle of the swashplate determines the piston stroke.
![Displacement volume - Swashplate piston pump Displacement volume - Swashplate piston pump](https://www.hydraulic-calculation.com/images/upl/07_16_19_20_27_08_V_axial2.jpg)